Apparatus for developing photographs.



No. 685,640. I Patented Oct. 29, I90l.

S. QUINCEY. APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

(Application filed Apr. 30. 1901.] (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet Ll7Z/U677/f07": Wiiwzasuwr S24/ TILJJiZbrIagjJ Patenfed Oct. 29, I90I.

8. QUINCEY. APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

(Application filed Apr. 30, 1901.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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No. 685,640. Patented 00}. 29, I90l. s. uumcsv.

APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

(Application filed Apr. 30, 1901.\

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

No. 685,640. Patented Oct. 29, l90l. S. QUINCEY.

APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

(Application filed Apr. 30, 1901. J (No Model.) 5 Sheets$heet 4.

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No. 685.640. Patented Oct. 29, [90L 8. QUINCEY.

APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

I (Application filed Apr, 30, 1901.]

(No Model.) 5 Sheets- Sheet 5.

THE Mom-us PETERS co, PHOTO-UTHQ. WASHINGTDN, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL QUINCEY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING PHOTOGRAPHS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 685,640, dated October29, 1 901.

Application filed April 30, 1901. Serial No. 58,140. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL QUINCEY, civil engineer, of 25 Montpelierroad, Kentish Town, London, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Apparatus for DevelopingPhotographs; and I herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact specification ofthe same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus and means intendedmore especially for developing photographic films, papers, and the like,but which may also be adapted for the development of glass plates andwhich enables the various stages of treatmentviz., developing, washing,hardening, and fixing, or any of themof these films after exposure to becarried out on the spot or in any convenient or desired place and indaylight or artificial light and withoutthe necessity of resorting to adark room, as has heretofore been usual.

Prominent objects of my invention are to provide an apparatus that shallbe sufficiently solid and which at the same time will be light, so as tobe readily portable, and which without being cumbersome or requiringmuch space in transportation or manipulation affords means for doing thework in an effective and easy manner. Apparatus for this purposeaccording to this invention comprises a delivery-chamber for containingthe reels of exposed film; a developing-chamber where the film may bedeveloped, fixed, washed, and hardened; means for drawing a desiredportion of the film from the delivery-chamber across thedeveloping-chamber and for holding the film while it is being treated; areceiving-chamber for containing the film after it has been developed;sluice-gates forming liquid-tight joints between the developing and thedelivery and receiving chambers; means for inspecting the film duringdevelopment, so that the latter may be arrested at the proper moment;means for introducing the developing, fixing, Washing, and harden ingfluids into and for withdrawing the same from the apparatus; means forstripping the enveloping paper from the film asthe latter leaves thedelivery-chamber; a device for cleansing the film of air-bells, dust,and other impurities; means for spraying the developing or other liquidsupon the film, if desired,

during the treatment of the same; also, means for fixing, hardening, orwashing the film in the receiving-chamber after development and forflowing the fixing, hardening, or washing liquid into the said chamberand for Withdrawing the same therefrom. The invention also furthercomprises a grid for receiving the film and exposing the same to theaction of the washing, fixing, and hardening fluids; special forms ofautomatic lens-carriers and shutters for the same; a specialconstruction of the cone carrying the eyepiece, lens, and shutter,whereby non-actinic light may be admitted to facilitate the inspectionof the film during development, and special grips for grasping the filmand devices for manipulating the film.

To the attainment of the foregoing and other desirable ends my inventioninvolves certain novel features of construction and combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, and shown in theaccompanying drawings, and then particularly pointed out in the claimshereunto annexed.

In the drawings which form part of this specification, and in whichsimilar numerals of reference denote similar parts throughout thevarious views, Figure l is a perspective view of one of my improvedapparatus. Fig.

2 is a partial vertical section of the apparatus, the viewing-lens and aportion of its carrier being broken away. Fig. 3 is a partial verticalsection of a slightly-modified form of apparatus, the lens and part ofthe carrier being broken away. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of anotherform of apparatus provided with means for spraying developing or otherfluid upon the film. Figs. 5 and 6 are a side elevation and a plan,respectively, of apparatus provided with externally-operated means forwithdrawing the film from the reel in the delivery-chamber and forwinding the same upon a reel in a receiving-chamber. Fig. '7 is ahorizontal section taken on the line y 3 of Fig. 8 of a further modifiedform of apparatus which is provided with a special receiving-chamberfitted with means for fixing, washing, and hardening the film. Fig. Sisa vertical section taken on the line a: m of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a View ofa detail.'- Fig. 10 is a cross-section of a delivery-chamber and itsFig. 11 shows enlarged deconnected parts.

tail views of one of the sluice-gates shown in Fig. 3 and its open andclosed position, vrespectively. Fig. 12 is a detail view of a grippingdevice for the film. Fig. 13 is a detail view of another form ofgripping device. Figs. 14, 14, 15, 16, 16, and 17 are detailed views ofvarious forms of lens-carriers, eyepieces, and shutters. Fig. 17 is adetail view of a part of Fig. '17. Fig. 18 is a perspective View of thepartition plate of the deliveryehamber. Fig. 18 is a detail view of thepartition-plate shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 19 is a detail View showing amodified method of securing the lens-carrier to the body of theapparatus. Figs. 20 and 21 are detail views of another form ofsluice-gate in its open and closed positions, respectively. Fig. 22 is ade tail View of a modified form of film-gripping device. Fig. 23 is adetail view, partlyin section, of the spring-drum and parts connectedtherewith.

The apparatus consists of a box 1 of convenient shape, preferably asshown, and of any appropriate materialsuch, for example, as ebonite,celluloid, or the likethatwill not be affected by the chemicals employedfor the various processes to be carried out within the said box. In thetop of the box 1 is provided a suitable opening 2, covered by a carrier3, of opaque or transparent non-actinic material, such assuitably-colored celluloid, fitted with an eyepiece 4, with aviewing-lens 5, protected by a shutter 6 or equivalent means, wherebythe sight-aperture for the viewing-lens 5 in the eyepiece can be openedwhen required for inspection of the film, the said shutter beingnormally closed.

I prefer to secure the carrier 3 removably to the box 1 either by fixingan angular rim 7 around the edge of the opening 2 and then shaping thelower end of the carrier to fit snugly over the same, as shown in Figs.4 and 8, or I may, according to Fig. 19, hinge the base-plate 8 of thecarrier by hinges 9 to the box 1 and secure it in its fastened positionby a catch 10 or its equivalent means. joints between the carrier andthe box may be rendered light-tight in any usual Way.

The opaque or transparent non-aetinic eyepiece-carrier mayadvantageously be of truncated pyramidal or conical shape, as shown.

The eyepiece 4: may be fitted with a sliding sleeve 11, adapted to bepressed downward by the operator against the pressure of a helicalspring 12, (see Fig. 14,) and the depression of the sliding sleeve 11may be utilized for automatically opening the shutter 0, Fig. 14,pivoted at 18. In the eyepiece shown in Fig. HI provide a guide-pin 13,mounted in the lens-carrier and projecting through a straight slot 14:in the sleeve 11, so as to guide this latter and retain it from beingejected by the spring 12. The shutter is furnished with a short pin 15,engaging in an inclined slot 16 in the sleeve 11 in such a manner thatthe downward movement of the said sleeve will cause the shutter 6 toopen. It will be The understood that the shutter is opened by a pivotalmovement, as in Fig. 1 1, being pivoted as at 18 in said figure, and itwill be clear from an inspection of Figs. 1a and 1-1 that a depressionof the sleeve will give the shutter a swinging movement by means of theinclined slot 16, acting on the pin 15, which is attached to theshutter. This Fig. 14 is shown slightly distorted for convenience ofillustration, the slots 14 and 16 being somewhat displaced from theirrelation shown in Fig. 14.

To the open back of the box 1 is fitted a pane 22, of colorednon-actinic glass or other appropriate medium, in such a manner as toform liquid-tight joints with the box, the purpose being to provide thenecessarylight for inspecting the film. Two of the side pieces of thebox 1 may advantageously be prolonged rearward and leave grooves 23 toreceive, if desired, another pane of suitably-colored glass (not shownin the drawings) to he slid behind the glass 22 for the purpose ofincreasing the density of the non-actinic medium, or in lieu of thesecond glass plate an opaque plate may be inserted in the grooves 23when examination is made by refiected light through the cone or side ofthe box, when these are made of transparent nonactinic material, such assuitably-colored celluloid or the like, as hereinbefore mentioned, orwhen, as described in a previous patent, (English Patent No. 12,371 of1899,) a small incandescent electric light is mounted in the cone orside of the box. This second glass, whether opaque or transparentnon-actinic, is represented at 22*, Fig. 2, in dotted lines.

Referring to the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the box 1 isprovided in its interior with a traveling grip 2t 2%, (shown in Fig.13,) advantageously fitted with a handle 25, and the said grip or holderis secured to the end of the roller-film 27 and is then moved across thebox by the means hereinafter described. The holder 24 24 is formed oftwo strips of ebonite or the like, one furnished with pins or teeth 26and the other with corresponding holes to receive the said teeth, whichpass through the edge of the film.

In one of the side walls of the box 1 is a passage 28, the inner end ofwhich com municates with the interior of the box near the back thereofand the outer end of which terminates in the outer surface of the saidside wall. Over the outer end of the passage 28 and extending the entirewidth of the wall is secured, preferably in a removable manner, acylindrical delivery-chamber 29, adapted to hold a reel 30, with theexposed photographic film 27 rolled thereon, together with a ribbon ofpaper rolled around the film and enveloping the same, as wellunderstood, the said chamber having an aperture 31 arranged opposite theaperture in the adjacent side wall. of the box. A partition-plate 29 isinterposed between the box 1 and the delivery-chamber 29. The aperture31 may be of a convenient size to hold a guide-roller 32, so that thefilm 27 can-pass from such delivery-chamber over the said roller 32through a slit 29", Figs. 2 and 18, in the partition-plate 29 into thefilmpassage 28, and thence into the box 1, while the strip of projectingpaper 33 is being stripped off after it has passed over the roller 32and passes out between the wall of the delivery-chamber 29 and thepartition-plate 29 through the paperexit passage 29, as is shown inFigs. 2, 3, 10, and 18.

The film 27 on entering the interior of the box passes over the edge ofthe film-inlet passage 28, which is adapted to be closed in aliquid-tight manner-by a sluice-gate 34, consisting of a strip of softrubber 35, carried by a plate-like holder 36, which works in a slot 36,formed in the wall of the box, so that it can be pressed against thefilm and against the wall of the film-passage 28, so as to seal thelatter liquid-tight and so that when the plate-like holder 36 and rubber35 are withdrawn the film will be released and free to move in thefilm-passage.

On the exterior of the opposite side wall of the box 1 is mounted aspring-drum 37, con taining a spindle 37" and a spring 40, such as shownin Fig. 23, the spring-drum being connected to a cord 38, that extendsthrough a passage in the adjacent wall of the box 1 and is fastened tothe aforementioned grip or holder 24 or 24, which is adapted to besecured to the end of the film, as previously described. Theroller-spindle 37 is mounted in a bracket 39 and is fitted with aratchetwheel 40,1'etained by a spring-controlled pawl 41, and a smallhand-wheel or button 42 for rotating it. Tension being put upon thespring by turning the button 42, the cord 38 is wound around the drum.When it is desired to pull a length of film across the box 1, the grip24 24 is pulled across the box and secured to the end of the films. Theoperator then pulls the paper 33, and as this is done the spring 40pulls the grip and the film smoothly and evenly across the box. Whilethis is done the sluice-gate should be open.

The mode of using the apparatus is as follows: The cone 3, with thelens-carrier, is first removed, and the outer ends of the strip of paper33 and exposed film 27 from the reel 30in the delivery-chamber 29 arethen caused to pass, respectively, through the paper-exit passage andfilm-passage 28 until a portion of the exposed film projects a shortdistance into the box. The sluice-gate is then closed, and the grippingdevice 24 is then moved toward the film by pulling it against thetension of the spring 40 in the drum 37. The grip 24 24 being attachedto the end of the film 27 and the cone 3 being replaced, the sluice-gateis then opened and the paper 33 is slowly pulled out by the hand, whenthe spring 40, acting upon the cord 38 and grip 24 24, will pull thefilm 27 across the box 1 and hold it there firmly and smoothly duringthe operation of developing, which then may be proceeded with as soon asthe sluice-gate is again closed. Developing fiuid is then poured intothe box 1 through a tubular ad mission nozzle or pipe 52, which, beingmade of some rigid material, such as ebonite, and held by frictionalcontact in an aperture made therefor in the side of the box 1 near thebot tom thereof may be turned upwardly when it is desired to pour fluidinto the box and downwardly when the fluid is to be withdrawn, so thatthe pipe 52 serves both as an inlet and outlet pipe. After this the boxis rocked or tilted backward and forward, so as to cause thedevelopingliquid to rapidly flow over the portion of film within the boxfor a suitable time. The treated film can be examined through theeyepiece 4 as often as desired, and so the development may be arrestedat precisely the proper moment. When the negative has been properlydeveloped, the developing-bath is withdrawn through the pipe 52 byturning the latter downward in its socket in the side of the box 1, andafterward water for washing the film may be introduced through the saidpipe. After thoroughly washing the film the water is run out and thecone 3 and lens-carrier are removed. The portion of film so treated issevered from the remainder, but so as to leave a portion of the latterprojecting into the box, and the severed film is then detached from thegripping device 24 24, which is again moved fgrward and engaged with thesaid projecting portion of film 27. The cone and lenscarrier arereplaced in position, the sluice-gate opened,

and a new length of film is moved across the box in the mannerhereinbefore described, and the development and washing of the film maybe proceeded within this manner until all of the film upon the reel 30has been treated. The developed portions of the film may also be eachfixed and hardened in the box by means of proper fixing and hardeningliquids admitted thereto before or after the withdrawal of theWashing-wate r, or they may be fixed or hardened after removal from thebox in any suitable receptacle in ordinary daylight.

In Fig.3 I show another constructiomwhereby any one of the series ofexposed portions of the film 27 can be developed at will. The box 1,constructed as hereinbefore described, is provided at one side wit-l1the cylindrical delivery-chamber 29 and at the opposite side with asimilar film-receiving chamber 53, each side of the box being providedwith a film passage and aperture controlled by suitable sluice-gates,such as one or other of those hereinbefore described. By causing the endof the film in the delivery-chamber 29 to project into the box 1 andsecuring it by suitable means to a leading strip or ribbon 54, attachedtothe reel 54 in the receiving-chamber 53, or directly to the reelitself the film can after closing the box, opening the sluice-gates,and-by rotating the said reel 54 by a suitable spindle or key 71, asshown in Fig. 7, be drawn from the delivery-chamber 29, so as to bringany desired exposed portion of the film into the box 1 for developmentand washing without the necessity of first developing the precedingportion, the strip of paper being simultaneously withdrawn through thepaper-exit passage, hereinbefore described. To admit of the apparatusbeing used in the same way as the apparatus hereinbefore described, thebox may be provided with a gripping device 24 24", connected by a cordfixed midway to the grip, one end 56 of which passes over a roller 57,having bearings in the walls of the box 1, and through the slot 56 inthe side wall of the box 1 out at the side of the receiving-chamber 53,While the other end 58 passes over a roller 59, having suitable bearingstherefor in the walls of the box, and through a slot 58 in the oppositeside wall of the box out at the side of the delivery-chamber 29'. Bypulling either the end 56 or the end 58 of the cord the grip 24: will bepulled to the one side or the other of the box, carrying the film withit when the latter is attached thereto.

Guide-rollers 60 and 61 are provided at either side of the box 1 in theopenings into the film delivery and receiving chambers, so that the filmmay be more easily manipulated and to prevent any injury to the film byreason of the more or less sharp edges of the filmapertures.

The delivery-chamber 29, Fig. 3, is provided with a reel for the filmand a windingspindle, as 30, and with a partition-plate 29, having asuitable slit 29 or opening through which the film 27 can be drawn intothe box over a guide-roller 60, which is so arranged therein, as shownin Fig. 3, that the film will not bear closely against the back orbottom of the box, the said slit or opening in the partition-plaie beingso arranged that when the box is held horizontally with the eyepieceheld uppermost for developing the film the developing liquid will notenter the deliverychamber 29. The receiving-chamber 53 is provided witha film-aperture through which the film passes and with the spindle 55,by turning which the film can be drawn from the delivery-chamber 29, andafter being developed in the box can be wound up in the receiving-chamber, which is or may be provided with a cylindricalguide-roller 61, over which the film is drawn. Each of thefilm-apertures in the delivery and receiving chambers is provided with asluice gate, hereinbefore described, whereby the said apertures can beclosed in a fluid-tight manner to prevent the passage of the developingliquid into the said chambers when the box is held horizontally.

In another construction of apparatus aoeording to this inventionsuitable for developing and washing a film of the kind described thedeveloping-box 1, constructed with a liquid-receptacle at its bottom, as62,

Fig. '7, with an inlet and outlet pipe 52 for the liquids, suitablesluice-gates for closing the film-passages liquid-tightly, such 'as 31-,and a removable cone-lens carrier and eyepiece, is provided at one sidewith a deliverychamber 29 and paper-exit passage and at the oppositeside with a receiving-chamber 53, such chambers being detachable or not,as may be desired. lVhen made detachable, the film-chambers 29 and 53may have suitable recesses 29, Fig. 7, in their side next to the box 1for engagement with pins 29, projecting from the sides of the box, (onlythe pins for the right-hand chamberbeing shown,) and maybe provided withcatches 29 at their top and bottom for engagement with pins 29 or thelike at the top and bottom of the box.

In the modified construction, Figs. 7and 8, the liquid-receptacle 62 inthe bottom of the box is separated from the developing portion of thebox proper by a diaphragm 62, closed by a valve or gate 63,having ahandle 63, extend ing to the outside of the box, by which it may beoperated, (see Fig. 8,) and the said receptacle is provided with a pipe52 for the introduction and discharge of developing or other liquid andwhich is or may be jointed to the box, so that it can at will be turnedinto a position in which the liquid will be retained in the receptacleor in whichit can be drained away. The upper part of the box is or maybe provided with a pipe 67 for draining away the washing-water orotherliquid. To admit of the film being hardened, fixed, or washed afterbeing developed, the receiving-chamber 53 is here divided by atransverse partition 72 into two parts 68 69. The upper part 68 when thebox is held vertically contains the reel 54: for winding up the film,and the lower part 69 serves as a receptacle for the hardening, fixing,or washing liquid and is fitted with a piston 70, fixed to a rod 71,that extends through the diaphragm 72 and reel 54: to the exterior ofthe chamber 53, and is connected to the reel 54: by a feather-and-slotconnection 72, so that it can be turned for rotating the reel and canalso be moved endwise in the reel to operate the piston. The diaphragmor partition 72 is formed with a notch or opening 73 at one part of itsperiphery for the passage of liquid from one side thereof to the other,and an airway 74: is provided in the wall of the chamber 53 for placingthe part 68 thereof above the partition 72 in communication with thepart 69 thereof below the piston 70. The arrangement is such that whenthe sluice-gates between the box and the delivery and receivingchambers, respectively, are closed and the box is placed l1orizo ntallyto allow of the development of the portion of the film within the boxthe hardening, fixing, or washing liquid that was within the lower part69 of the receiving-chamber containing the developed portion of the film27 by raising the piston by means of the rod 71, the said liquid flowingthrough the opening 73 in the partition "2 and so on into IIO the upperpart 68 of the chamber containing the developed film, after which thebox can be placed vertically, whereupon when the gate or valve 63 isopened by means of the handle o3 the developing liquid will pass intothe lower portion of the box 1 below the diaphragm 62 and may beretained there by closing the valve or gate 63 until a fresh section offilm is moved into the box 1. \Vhen the portion of developed film in theupper portion 68 of the receiving-chamber 53 has been hardened, fixed,or washed as desired,

- the liquid can be caused to again pass into the part 69 of the chamber53 by pushing the rod 71 inwardly, thus lowering the piston and causingthe liquid to pass downwardly through the opening 73 in the partition72. In Figs. 7 and 8 I also show a special grid for exposing thedeveloped film to the action of the hardening, fixing, or washingliquids. This grid 74 is in the form of a perforated cylinder havingnumerous apertures or perforations admitting of the free passage of thewashing or other liquid thereto, so that all the parts of the film andboth sides thereof may be simultaneously exposed to the action of theliquid. The grid 74 is provided with a longitudinal opening 73, Fig. 8,through which the film 27 may pass on its way to the reel 54, upon whichit is wound.

In another modified construction, Figs. 5 and 6, in which it is intendedto provide for the entire film to be drawn forward and backward throughthe developing medium, so that the entire strip of film may be developedat a single operation, the receiving-chamber 53 is formed in thatportion of the box which is the lower portion when the box is heldvertically with the eyepiece horizontal and is fitted with a rotary reelor roller 54, which is adapted to hold the film after the same has beendeveloped and is provided external to the box with a pulley orwheel 75.Below the receiving-chamber the box is provided with a receptacle 76 fordeveloping liquid, with means for admitting and withdrawing suchliquids, such as the pipe 52, and with a guide-roller 77, around thebottom of which the film is led downward and then upward, so as to passthrough the developing fiuid. A squeegee 76 is or may be arranged upon asuitable holder, so that its soft-rubber end will abut against the faceof the film as it leaves the roller 77, so as to remove all dust,air-bells, and other impurities that might injure the negatives. Thedelivery-chamber 29 is located at the top of the box 1 when said box isheld in a vertical position and is adapted to receive the reel uponwhich the exposed film is wound. Extending through one end of thischamber 29" is a driving-spindle 78, that is attached to the innerfilm-reel in any suitable manneras, for instance, a key on thedriving-spindle engaging with a slot in the end of the film-reel and isprovided with a driving-pin 80. Upon the driving-spindle 78 is looselymounted a sleeve 80 to which sleeve is fixed a crank-handle 79 and onwhich spindle is loosely mounted a pulley or wheel 81, that is connectedwith the pulley or wheel 75, fast on the spindle 55 of thereceivingchamber, by a crossed strap 81 or by suitable gearing. The endof the sleeve 80 adjacent to the driving-pin 80 is so shaped that whenthe sleeve 80 is rotated by the handle 79 in one direction it will bemoved endwise by the driving-pin SO and cause the crank-handle 79 toengage the adjacent pulley 81 and rotate the same, and at the same timethrough the crossed strap 51 will rotate the pulley or wheel 75 of thespindle 55 in the receivingchamber in a direction to draw the film fromthe delivery-chamber and through the developing liquid and wind the sameupon the reel in the receiving-chamber. Upon rotating the sleeve 80 inthe opposite direction it;

will engage the pin 80 and drive the spindle 78 in a direction to pullthe film backward through the developing liquid for further treatmentthereby when this may be necessary, leaving the pulley loose. The upperend of the box is provided with a guide-roller 82 for guiding the filmfrom the deliverychamber, and it may be provided with a pair of pressingblocks or rollers of simple materialfor example, soft rubber-betweenwhich the developed film is drawn and which serve to remove adherentdeveloping liquid from the film. The communication between the box anddelivery-chamber may, as before, be in the form of a slit adapted to heclosed by a suitable sluice-gate, as before.

To facilitate ready insertion of the filmcarrying reels within andremoval from the delivery and receiving chambers, whether these be madedetachable from the box or not, one or both of such chambers maybeprovided with hinged or pivoted detachable parts, such as the tops orcovers, as at 29, Fig. 1.

According to the construction shown in Fig. 10 the delivery-chamber 29is or may be provided with a pair of feed-rollers 83 St to facilitatethe passage of the film therefrom into the developing-box 1. When thesaid chamber is made detachable from the said box, so that it can beused with a camera for holding a film for exposure and be afterwardremoved from the camera and attached to the developing-box fordevelopment, the film-aperture therein through which the film is passedis closed in a light-tight manner when detached-from the box or cameraby the sluice-gate.

In some cases it may be desired to spray the developing, washing, orother liquid upon the film 27 when the latter is in the box 1. In Figs.4 and S I show a construction by which this may be accomplished and inwhich the developing or other liquid is introduced into the box 1 by asyringe 65, having a collapsible bulb and a tube connecting with a pipe66, located within the upper part of the box 1 and formedwith a numberof suitablyarranged apertures through which the liquid may be sprayedonto the film under treatment.

In Fig. 18 I show a form of partition-plate which may be used betweenthe film-chambers and the developmentbox. As here shown, the plateconsists of a thin frame 29, provided with a slot 29", through which thefilm may pass, the said plate being slightly cutaway upon one side toform a paper-exit 29, as I find that the paper maybe readily strippedfrom the film and carried to the outside between the partition-plate andthe delivery-chamber. I cover the side of the partition-plate next tothe development-box (and, if desired, both sides thereof may be socovered) with a strip of fabric 29 Fig. 18such,

for example, as black velvet-and the film passes through the slot 29 inthe partition and a slit in the fabric, the fabric fitting snugly aroundthe film and excluding light from the delivery-chamber. Thepartitionplates are provided with suitable apertures through which thepins on the sides of the box and to which the chambers are attached maypass. T to slot 29 is or may be also so constructed as to receive andafford bearings for the film-guide rollers It should also be noted thatby simply removing the delivery and receiving chambers the developingboxmaybe used for the development of glass plates and the like. In thiscase the negatives after exposure may be transferred to thedeveloping-box in any of the ordinary and well-known changing-bags.

Referring now to several modifications of the eyepiece and shutter, itwill be seen that in Figs. 15, 1e, and 16 a sliding sleeve 11 is adaptedto be pressed downwardly against a helical spring 12. The shutter 6 isof the form known as a flap-shutter, being pivoted at 17 to the bottomside of the end of the eyepiece 4, normally covering the said aperture.Alink 17, carried by the shutter, is adapted to engage with a pin 17 onthe sleeve, so that as the sleeve 11 is pressed downwardly the link 17,acting upon the pin 17 causes the shutter to open, while as soon as thesleeve 11 is released the spring 12, causing the sleeve to move upwardlywith relation to the eyepiece 4, closes the shutter. From Fig. 16, whichis a view a one-fourth turn from Fig. 16, it will be seen that the link17 is fixed upon the spindle 6 of the flap-shutter, said spindle passingout through a slot 17 in the sleeve and having the link 17 on the outerend thereof. The shutter 6 (shown in Fig. 17) is, like that shown inFigs. 4, 5, 6, and 8, mounted on a pivoted pin 18 and is furnished witha handle 19, which projects through a peripheral slot in the eyepiece 4,so as to enable the shutter to be opened by hand from the exterior.Normally a leafspring 20 keeps the shutter closed by forcing it againsta stop 21, which latter may, as in Fig. 17, be connected with a guide21. (See Fig. 17.) In Fig. 6 this step consists of a pin, (marked 21Referring now to the modifications of the grip, it will be seen that inFig. 12 the grip 24 is in the form of a clip formed of two membershinged together. The grip shown in Fig. 22 also consists of two members26 26", the member 26 being provided with a longitudinal groove 26,while the member 26 has a longitudinal knife-edged rib 26. The film iscarried over the groove 26 and pressed down into the said groove by therib 26 on member 26", which is placed over the member26 and pressed downthereupon. The two members may be secured together in any desired way,as by a button 26 on one piece, which when pressed through a slot 26" onthe other piece and then turned at right angles thereto will hold theparts together.

Referring now to modifications of the filmpassage and sluice-gate, itmay be noted that the film-passage 28 may incline from the back towardthe front of the box, and its inner end may be closed by a strip of softindia-rubber 43, Figs. 20 and 21, carried by a strip-like holder 44, ofvulcanite or other suitable material, arranged in a chamber 44, intowhich the film-passage extends. The holder 4t is adapted to be movedparallel to itself by ecceiltrically-arranged projections or pins 45,that are journaled in the side walls of the box I and extend to theexterior thereof and are provided with lever-arms 46, which are jointedto a bar 47, so that upon moving the bar 47 endwise in one direction orthe other the closing device will be caused to open or close the innerend of the said chamber, forming the film-aperture in a liquid-tightmanner. The holder 44 may be held in closed position by a pivoted arm48, arranged to bear against one end of the said bar, as shown in Figs.20 and 21.

In another arrangement, Fig. 11, the holder 36, provided with the stripof soft rubber 35 and mounted just as described, is adapted to be movedto and fro by pins 49 011 a rod 49, mounted to rock in the side of thewall of the box and provided at one end with a handle 50.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. Apparatus for developing photographs consisting of adeveloping-chamber, film delivery and receiving chambers incommunication therewith, means for carrying the film through thedeveloping-chamber and expos ing portions of the same therein to theaction of a developing medium, and means for introducing the developingmedium into and withdrawing the same from the developingchamber,substantially as shown and described.

2. Apparatus for developing photographs consisting of adeveloping-elmmber, film dclivery and receiving chambers incommunication therewith, means for carrying the film through thedeveloping-chamber and exposing portions of the same therein to theaction of a developing medium, and means for viewing the negative undertreatment during development, substantially as shown and described.

3. Apparatus for developing photographs consisting of a developingchamber, filmchambers connected therewith, divisional walls havingfilm-apertures therein between the developing-chamber and thefilm-chambers, sluice-gates for closing the film-apertures liquid-tight,means for conveying the film from the film-delivery chamber to thedeveloping-chamber for treatment and after treatment to thefilm-receiving chamber, said box having a liquid inlet and outlet, andmeans for viewing the film during development, substantially as shownand described.

4. In apparatus for developing photographs, the combination with the boxhaving film-apertures, of sluice-gates adapted to be opened and closed,and when closed to prevent the passage of liquid through thefilmapertures, substantially as set forth.

5. In apparatus for treating photographs after exposure, adeveloping-box for developing the negative, said box being formed withan extension for collecting the developing or other liquid, and having areversible inlet and outlet pipe, a film-delivery chamber at one side,and film-operating mechanism at the opposite side, a colored non-actinicplate at the back of the box and forming a liquid-tight joint with thelatter, extensions in rear of said colored plate formed with grooves forthe reception of a removable plate, and a viewing-lens and carrier atthe front of the box, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In an apparatus for treating photographs after exposure, adeveloping-box, a viewinglens and its carrier, a film-delivery chamberat one side of the box, said film-delivery chamber being formed with afilm-aperture arranged to coincide with a passage in the side of thedeveloping-box for the introduction of the film into the developingbox,a film-receiving chamber at the opposite side of the latter, theadjacent walls of said developingbox and film-chamber being providedwith coincident passages, and means for forming liquid-tight jointsbetween the film and the walls of the box, substantially as shown anddescribed.

7. In apparatus for treating photographs after exposure, adeveloping-box fitted with a viewing-lens and its carrier, afilm-delivery chamber, means for operating the film, and afilm-receiving chamber fitted with an internally-disposed perforatedpartition, and with a pump-piston adapted to move in an extension ofsuch receiving-chamber, and means for manually operating such pistonfrom the exterior, substantially as shown and described.

8. In apparatus for treating photographs after exposure, adeveloping-box fitted with a viewing-lens and its carrier, afilm-delivery chamber, a film-receiving chamber, a perforated partition,a pump-piston in such receiving-chamber, and a closed compartment withinthe developing-box for the reception of liquids, fitted with asluice-gate adapted to be operated from the exterior, substantially asshown and described.

9. In combination in a developing apparatus for photographs, adeveloping-chamber, a receiving-chamber, means for passing the film fromthe developingchainber to the receiving-chamber and a perforated grid inthe receiving-chamber for holding the negative for the action of awashing liquid, substan tially as described.

10. In apparatus for developing photographs after exposure, adeveloping-chamber, film-chambers connected therewith, the adjacentwalls of said chambers having film-apertures connecting the developingand film chambers, sluice-gates controlling the filmapertures, means foroperating the film, and a receptacle connected with thedevelopingchamber and provided with a sluice-gate, and means for viewingthe film during development, substantially as shown and described.

11. In apparatus for developing photo graphs after exposure, areceiving-chamber provided with a partition dividing said chamber intotwo-compartments, one of said compartments being adapted to receive thenegatives after development and the other of the said compartments beingprovided with a piston and a piston-rod, means for operating the pistonfrom the outside of the chamber, the said partition being provided withan aperture for the passage of liquids,-and the said receiving-chamberhaving an air-vent between its two compartments, substantially as shownand described.

12. In apparatus for developing films, a developing-box, a separatechamber connected therewith for containing the main portion of the filmand keeping it free from the developing liquid in thedeveloping-chamber, means for moving successive portions of the filmfrom said separate chamber into an immersed position in thedeveloping-chamber, whereby only the portion so moved is subjected tothe developing fluid, and means for viewing the film while immersed inthe developer in said developing-chamber, substantially as described.

13. In apparatus for developing photographs, a developing-box, having asluicegate for the passage of the film, means for moving portions of thefilm into the box and for holding the same therein in position fordevelopment, and means for viewing the film by reflected light duringthe process of development, said box having a liquid inlet and outlet,substantially as shown and described.

1%. In combination, a developing-chamber, a film-chamber incommunication therewith and bearing a fixed relation thereto, anda lcrychamber,afilm-receivingchamber, moans sluice-gate between the twochambers, said sluice-gate acting to keep the liquid in thedeveloping-chamber while the film is passing from the film-chamber intothe developingchamber, substantially as described.

15. An apparatus for developing photographic negatives comprising adevelopingchamber, an eyepiece through which the developing-chamber maybe viewed, a deliv-' ery'chamber, a wall separating the deliverychamberfrom the developing-chamber and provided with a film-passagetherethrough, and means for drawing the negative from thedelivery-chamber. through said passage into and directly across thedeveloping-chamber, one end of the film being held at one side of thebox at the deliverychamber and the other end of the film being held atthe side of the box opposite the delivery-chamber, whereby the film willextend in flat form across the line of vision through the eyepiece,substan-'' tially as described.

16. In combination in an apparatus for developing photographicnegatives, a developing-chamber, a delivery-chamber at one side thereofand communicating therewith, a receiving-chamber at the other side ofthe box, and means in said chamber for drawing the film from thedelivery-chamber across the developing-chamber and into saidreceivingchamber, substantially as described.

17. In combination in an apparatus for developing photographicnegatives, a developing-chamber having an eyepiece, a deliverychamberconnected therewith, a sluice-gate between the delivery-chamber and thedeveloping-chamber, and means for drawing the film from thedelivery-chamber into the developing-chamber,substantially as described.

18. In combination in apparatus for developing negatives, adeveloping-chamber, a delivery-chamber for the film connected to thedeveloping-chamber, a sluice-gate between the delivery-chamber and thedevelopingchamber, a chamber connected with the developing chamber forcontaining liquid means for permitting or preventing communieationbetween the said liquid-containing chamber and the developingchamber,and means for operating the film, substantially as described.

19. In combination in apparatus for treating films, adeveloping-chamber, a film-delivfor operating the film, and aliquid-chamber connected to the film-receiving chamber, and means forcausing the liquid to pass from said liquid-containing chamber to thereceiving-chamber or the reverse, substantially as described.

20. In combination in apparatus for treatina films, adeveloping-chamber, a film-delivery chamber, a film-receiving chamber,means for operating the film, a liquid-chamber connected to thefilm-receiving chamber, and means for causing the liquid to pass fromsaid liquid-containing chamber to thereceiving-chamber or the reverse,said means including a pump-piston, substantially as described.

21. In combination, a developing -box, a film-delivery chamber and apartition separating said chambers, said partition being provided with apassage for the film connecting said box and chamber, and with apaperexit passage.

22. In combination, a developingbox, a film-delivery chamber, and apartition separating said chambers, said partition being provided with apassage for the film connecting said box and chamber, and with apaperexit passage, said partition having a slitted fabric thereonthrough which the film passes, substantially as described.

23. In apparatus for developing photographs, a receiving-chamberprovided with a partition dividing said chamber into two compartment-s,one of said compartments being adapted to receive the negativesafterdevelopment, and the other of the said compartments being providedwith a piston and a piston-rod, means for operating the piston from theoutside of the chamber, said partition being provided with an, aperturefor the passage of liquids, and said receiving-chamber having anair-vent between its two compartments, said piston-rod and film-reel inthe receiving-chamher being also constructed with a feather-andslotconnection, so that the piston-rod may also serve for winding up thefilm in the receiving-chamber, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

SAMUEL QUINCEY. Witnesses:

JOSEPH LAKE, W. M. HARRIS.

